document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Reasons for the Adoption of Federalism in Nigeria. Federalism shares power between the central and regional governments; thus promoting efficiency in service delivery and governance. This paper consequently argues that the anxiety as well as angst attributable to this agitation has the tendencies of not only disrupting the relative-peace presently enjoyed by the various groups, but is also, if not controlled, capable of plunging the country into a state of economic comatose and perpetual fragility. Each document posted on the site includes a link to the corresponding official PDF file on govinfo.gov. The first military head of state, General J.T.U Aguiyi Ironsi for instance was interested in a unitary Nigeria and he scrapped federalism. /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB Unfortunately, since the formation of Nigeria and adoption of this system of governance in the country has not seen much effect of federalism. In 1939 sir Bernard Bourdillion made a serious constitutional proposal which concluded having regional councils with a central council in Lagos. For citation see: http://www.cejiss.org/issue-detail/biafra-s-resurgence-state-failure-insecurity-and-separatist-agitations-in-nigeria. Evidently, Nigerias political culture was federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of federalism. The states were later increased to 30 states. Political institutions, Kinship ties, Origin of towns and their cultural antecedents are enriched with similar history. The states too have no resources for development but depended on federal grants. The proximity of the tongues and tribes in Nigeria made it possible for the adoption of federalism in the country. Take for example, in the Nigerian case of Attorney General of Federation v Attorney General of Abia and others (2002) 3 NCLR 1ar p 54, the issue of resource control in a true federalism was the bone of contention in that matter. Federalism in Nigeria can be traced to Sir Frederick Lord Lugard , when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated in 1914. With the total area of 923,768 km, Nigeria can not justifiably be administered by a lone leviathan from the top. This is another reason for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. Federalism in Canada - Canada.ca Regrettably, this system is founded on a militarily-conceived constitution lacking a fully enforceable bill of rights and clear governmental functions. This helped to solve the problem of marginalization in the leadership. This marginalization is evinced by untold hardships such as poverty, lack of infrastructure for health care and education, and generally impaired wellbeing. /F6 21 0 R The USSR was an example of this type of federalism. endobj /F1 6 0 R It should be noted that the Federal Military Government had earlier by fiat taken proceeds from offshore prospecting and drilling activities directly under federal eminent domain. Another major reason why federalism was adopted in Nigeria is the multiple ethnic backgrounds in Nigeria. By every political barometer, this is a thought-provoking account of the Nigeria-Biafra political imbroglio. x^[YsF~[-`pys)fk"%J hE;}LO *%gH=zoN/oNS~~zb|\U?_s3jJ}ZxhK2&$9|H-&9)q7"|kxN7i,anHiw>&_N~@bdkBs>gIM>z2|1zFDW+1"y-#HCQJmvj4CW5z,#IwHGc&Y"`Sg|2)FQ& p:?WT hQ4M:*|9tKy?c[U(zqfNBA=XCOf~2i6KC@;DGO? Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government . Federalism has been present in Nigeria since the former British colony was reorganized into a federation of three regions in 1946. 19 more states were created in 1976 in order to score more political advantage by the Murtala-Obasanjo regime against those that favor General Yakubu Gowon. It also shows the growth rate as an engine to the development of economies of developing countries like Nigeria in this 21p century. In Nigerian democracy, there is a federalist system of government. Also, Read: Local Government In Nigeria : Definition, Functions, And Importance. Therefore, the adoption of a federal political framework in Nigeria was a necessity as the system was the only viable option for a multi-ethnic country like Nigeria. Everybody would likely agree that the conscious awareness and awakening of the course of who is who invariably determines who gets what, perhaps when and how. Federalism Complicates the Response to the COVID-19 Health and Economic The Emergence of Nigeria as a political entity under colonial rule was not an easy affair. Does Federalism Make Sense For The Philippines? - Forbes There are three major tribes in Nigeria namely Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. Asst. Keywords: Civil war, Secession, Self-determination, Nationalism and Restructuring, This work critically examines the issues undermining the unification of Nigeria, using indicators and concepts including failed state, separatist agitation and insecurity. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. Rather there has been more challenges than benefits of this federal system. Other specific reasons for the increasing demand for decentralisation are: Central governments increasingly are finding that it is impossible for them to . This regional arrangement gave rise to ethnic sentiment and political struggle for the center among the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria. (PDF) Federalism as a Political Ideology and System of Government: The The unity here is brought about by the desire of the component units of the federation to form union in respect of some matters. Secondly, are these groups well pleased, or do they at least accept such manipulative placements? The chief architect of this theory is Riker. Fiscal federalism, sub-national revolts and internal colonialism in Nigeria All attempts to solve these problems over the years have failed. /F7 24 0 R It established that the resources of a particular state is not totally owned by the federal government. In federalism, there is accountability, there is transparency. Thus, federalism seemed to be the only option left for Nigeria because it allows for popular participation in government. To make mortgage industry standards more flexible and modernized, the proposed rule would remove the requirement that lenders and mortgagees register with HUD each branch office . Such arrangement would inter alia breed neglect, frustration and aggression; no thanks to the red-tape inherent in unitarism. The construct of federalism, which originates with the concept of intergovernmental relations, dates back to the Greek civilization. Since federal systems have been formed for different reasons and to Federalism did not return to Nigeria until after his death. It advocates good governance and a participatory approach to constitutional review as the foundations for strong constitutionalism in Nigeria. The federal government however has occupied a very strong position vis--vis the State and Local government since the 1970's in Nigeria. Federalism in Nigeria. Also, there was a demand for more local regions by all these ethnic interest groups which was what led to the creation of new states. Local Government In Nigeria : Definition, Functions, And Importance, Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria, How To Calculate OAU Aggregate Score for Admission, Best Education Websites and Blogs In Nigeria (2021), Lakzeland Regional High School Board Of Education, Student Loan Planning Educational Webinar With Justin Rice, Is Agricultural Chemicals a Good Career Path? Defence, Security, Economy and Development, Chigozirim Odinkalu, Ebenebe Ernest Onyeka, Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies (eJECS), International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences(IJRESS), Glocalism: Journal of Culture, Politics and Innovation, African Journal of Governance and Development, Calabar Journal of Politics and Administration. Academia.edu uses cookies to personalize content, tailor ads and improve the user experience. Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, Differences Between First, Second and Third Degree Murder, Best Lawyers In The World (With Pictures): Top 10 Most Popular, Factors that Limits Independence of the Judiciary in Nigeria, Statute of Fraud: Contracts Required to be in Writing, Advantages And Disadvantages Of a Limited Liability Company (LLC), Richest Christian Musicians In The World: Top 10 Wealthiest, Countries With The Highest Minimum Wage 2022: Top 13, Best Handworks/Skills To Learn In Nigeria 2023: Top 12 Most Lucrative, Richest Engineers In Nigeria 2022: Top 10 Highest Paid, Cheapest Places to Live in the United Kingdom 2022: 12 Most Affordable, Cheapest Places/Cities To Live In Nigeria 2022. Introduction In a statement on the 2015 Nigerian General Elections the Freedom House (2015a) congratulated Nigerians for an election that appears to be one of the smoothest and least violent in Nigeria's Some of the reasons include preservation of identities. Such an act has constituted to one of the major problems of federalism thereby militating against the development of the nation. What are the reasons Nigeria adopted the Federalism system of government in Nigeria? Why indirect rule succeeded in Northern Nigeria, SEE REASONS HERE. To begin with, the title of this book, " Last Train to Biafra " is allegorically evocative of the severing of, or rather the dead relationship between Nigeria and Biafra. @VF:8=|@5&/1df gbjtCoy(L5A,JCI1/'5DT8`A!UY*&wTN5[v;KXvH* 5:>}W^Bp_ ;R!&L %s\q'(], These maladies have led to a renewal of the call for secession by the South-Eastern ethnic group of Nigeria for a Republic of Biafra, on the basis that they are being short-changed in the political cum socio-economic largess accumulating from the Centre. There are other political systems the country could have adopted but because of some reasons which I am going to share with you today, federalism seemed to be the best idea. 7 Cooperative federalism was dominant from the 1930s through the 1970s. Also see: Reasons why lawyers wear wigs to court, Origin and nature of federalism in Nigeria. Federalism was further adopted because the developed countries from which Nigeria borrowed democracy practice federalism. . There are Benin and Togo in between Ghana and Nigeria, two of the former British African colonies. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Federalism was implemented in Nigeria as way back as 1946 during the British colonial era. Federalism in Nigeria - Wikipedia (8 Best Paying Jobs), General consensus among our leaders when seeking independence from Britain. Post-independence creation of states and further division of states created after independence was done as a framework for the development of Nigeria. To avert this domination, states unite to form a strong, virile and stable union capable of withstanding external attacks. local government autonomy.docx - CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Your email address will not be published. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. What were the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? The first military head of state was dethroned for adopting unitary system of government yet successive military administration in practice follow unitary principle instead of federal system. 1954 Lagos Constitutional Conference In Nigeria (Decisions) - Kofa Study As I have already explained, Nigeria is an amalgamation of three different regions with beliefs and customs. Be the first to get hottest news from our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription. Journal of public administration and Management Vol.6,No.12, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. It discovered a positive relationship between the changes in the fiscal structure and the aggravation of ethnic minorities' struggles. This paper recommends that there should be an overhaul of the political system through constitutional amendment process to expunge provisions that negate federalism and provide for implementation of true federalism.
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