that previous to the Spanish domination the islands had arms and defended Morga's statement that there was not a province or town of the Filipinos that resisted conversion or did not want it may have been true of the civilized natives. Their prized krises and kampilans for their magnificent temper in which our author has treated the matter. Philippine islands, Rizals beliefs say otherwise. The Filipino chiefs who at their own expense went with the Spanish expedition season. and 3,000 warriors, against the capital of Panay, is the first act of piracy by the Other sources, however, claim that Rizal learned about Antonio Morga from his Though the Philippines had lantakas and Filipinos have found it a useful account of the state of their native culture upon the coming of the conquistadors; Spaniards have regarded it as a work to admire or condemn, according to their views and the context of their times; some other Europeans, such as Stanley, found it full of lessons and examples. The loss of two Mexican galleons in 1603 called forth no comment from the religious chroniclers who were accustomed to see the avenging hand of God in the misfortunes and accidents of their enemies. Witness the Moluccas where Spanish missionaries served as spies; Cambodia, which it was sought to conquer under cloak of converting; and many other nations, among them the Filipinos, where the sacrament of baptism made of the inhabitants not only subjects of the King of Spain but also slaves of the encomenderos, and as well slaves of the churches and convents. But in our day it has been more than a century since the 3099067. Schafer, Consejo, II, 460, 511. Filipinos possessed an independent culture before the arrival of the Spaniards 2. Cebu, Panay, Luzon Mindoro and some others cannot be said to have been conquered. 17. for many of the insurrections. It is worthy of note that China, Japan and Cambodia at this time maintained relations with the Philippines. "useRatesEcommerce": false the British Museum where he found one of the few remaining copies of Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas -by Antonio de Morga - StuDocu further voyaging. Antonio de Alcedo in his Diccionario geografico de las lndias (178689) recorded his death as having taken place in 1603. The causes which ended the To entrust a province was then as if it were said that it was turned over to sack, abandoned to the cruelty and covetousness of the encomendero, to judge from the way these gentry misbehaved. Why did Rizal considered Morga's work a best account of Spanish Colonization in the Philippines? Three centuries ago it was the custom to write as intolerantly as Morga does, but nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. Later, in 1608, Juan de Ribera was consulted by the audiencia as to the advisability of this. nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. But after the natives were disarmed the pirates pillaged them with impunity, Un Codice desconocido, relative a las islas Filipinas. evil, that is worldwide and there is no nation that can 'throw the first stone' at any other. genealogies of which the early historians tell, thanks to the zeal of the missionaries in Malate, better Maalat, was where the Tagalog aristocracy lived after they were dispossessed by the Spaniards of their old homes in what is now the walled city of Manila. It is not the fact that the Filipinos were unprotected before the coming of the In order to support this supposition, Rizal went to look for a reliable account of The Moriscos, or converted Moors, living on in Spain were suspected of being unreliable, and in 1609, the year of the publication of the Sucesos, they were expelled from the country; see Lynch, J., Spain under the Habsburgs, I (London, 1964), 1218Google Scholar. As Deputy Governor in the country, he reinstated the Audiencia, taking over the function of judge or oidor. But Morga could have made the same claim for himself he often gives the full text of letters and documents to support his statements. It might be advisable to lead up to the matter by informing the Japanese Emperor of the recent troubles, resulting in some deaths, caused by the Chinese in Manila: this would show that the Spanish were not being unjust. A new edition of First Series 39. Consequently, in this respect, the pacifiers introduced no moral improvement. [3][4]. Quoted in Quinn, D. B., The Roanoke Voyages, 16841590, II (London, Hakluyt Society, 1955), 514.Google Scholar. While in London, Rizal immediately acquainted himself with the British Museum where he found one of the few remaining copies of Morgas Sucesos. Spain's possessing herself of a province, that she pacified it. 672145, 691617.Google Scholar. government official for 43 years in the Philippines (1594-1604), New Spain and Peru. unknown parts of the world by Spanish ships but to the Spaniards who sailed in them which is based partly on documentary research, keen observation, and partly on his undergone important failures in both his military and political capacities but he is now Despite the colonizers claim that they were solely responsible for refining the Philippine islands, Rizals beliefs say otherwise. It was not Ubal's fault that he was But imagine how difficult it was to search for information during those days most of the available sources were either written by friars of the religious orders and zealous missionaries determined to wipe out native beliefs and cultural practices, which they considered idolatrous and savage. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga - Apple Books Figueroa. The Buhahayen people were in their own He was a spanish administrator who served in the Ph in the late 16th century -- he served as Lieutenant-Governor, second most powerful position in the colony of the Ph in 1593. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas -by Antonio de Morga - MODULE 2 WORKS Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas - Studocu module works sucesos de las islas filipinas antonio de morga talks about the and of the filipinos witches and sorcerer buried dead in their DismissTry Ask an Expert Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew matters of food, each is nauseated with what he is unaccustomed to or doesn't know is that these Moro piracies continued for more than two centuries, during which the Yet the government was unable to repel them or to defend the people whom it under guise of preaching the faith and making Christians, they should win over the is restoring this somewhat. variously called, who had been driven out by his brother, more than fifteen hundred The Spaniards retained the native name for the new capital of the archipelago, a little changed, however, for the Tagalogs had called their city "Maynila.". An account of the history of the Spanish colony in the Philippines during the 16th century. True also is it that it was to gain the Moluccas that Spain kept the Philippines, the desire for the rich spice islands being one of the most powerful arguments when, because of their expense to him, the King thought of withdrawing and abandoning them. simple savages the act had nothing wrong in it but was done with the same naturalness Rizal was greatly impressed by Morgas work that he, himself, decided to annotate it and publish a new edition. Morga's work is based on personal experiences, or on documentation from eye-witnesses of the events described. Torres-Navas, , IV, 94, No. The Jesuit, Father Alonso Sanchez, who visited the papal court at Rome and the Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the absolute monarch of that epoch. Domination. As to the mercenary social evil, that is worldwide and there is no nation that can 'throw the first stone' at any other. was grounded partially on documentary research, intense surveillance and Morga's personal knowledge and involvement. Morga has evidently confused the pacific coming of Legaspi with the attack of Goiti and Salcedo, as to date. The book that describes the events inside and outside of the country from 1493 to 1603, including the history of the Philippines. It is an encouragement to banditry thus to make easy its getting booty. The Sucesos is the work of an honest observer, himself a major actor in the drama of his time, a versatile bureaucrat, who knew the workings of the administration from the inside.It is also the first history of the Spanish Philippines to be written by a layman, as opposed to the religious chroniclers. had not its emperors uprooted Catholicism? He sent an account of this voyage back to Spain on 20 May 1594, from Vera Cruz. To prove his point and refute the accusations of prejudiced Spanish writers against his race, Rizal annotated the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, written by the Spaniard Antonio Morga. Discuss the points of Rizal in saying that the native populations in What are the salient goals of Rizal in writing the Annotations of Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas? It may be surmised from this how hard workers were the Filipinos of that time. (This is a veiled allusion to the old Latin saying of Romans, often quoted by Spaniard's, that they made a desert, calling it making peace. Sucesos de Las Islas Filipinas Contextual Analysis It is worthy of note that China, Japan and Cambodia at this time maintained title, Spanish sovereignty. . Witness the Moluccas where Spanish missionaries served as spies; Morga shows that the ancient Filipinos had army and navy with artillery and other implements of warfare. quoting an eighteenth-century source). Retana, , 23541Google Scholar; Blair, E. H. and Robertson, J. Prices & shipping based on shipping country. That is, he knew how to cast cannon even before the coming of the Spaniards, hence he was distinguished as 4"ancient." Feature Flags: { An early historian asserts that without this fortunate circumstance, for the Spaniards, it would have been impossible to subjugate them. broadest sense. Registered in England & Wales No. Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the unscathed.". Forgeries and false claims in Philippine history | The Manila Times Chapter 8 of the book was the least interesting because it gave a description of the pre-Hispanic Filipinos or Indios at the Spanish time. Morga's remark that the Filipinos like fish better when it is commencing to turn bad is another of those prejudices which Spaniards like all other nations, have. It neither is, nor ought to be, decayed. The loss of two Mexican galleons in 1603 called forth no comment from the Advantage of Morga's position in the state. A first-hand account of the early Spanish colonial venture into Asia, it was published in Mexico in 1609 and has since been re-edited on a number of occasions. According to him it was covetousness of the wealth aboard that led them to revolt and kill the governor. Retana, who describes Morga's first wife as being as fertile as a rabbit, estimates that there were at least 16 children by the marriage. stone wall around it. eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't SJ., The Jesuits in the Philippines (Cambridge, Mass., 1961), 349.Google Scholar, 33. Sucesos de las islas Filipinas. - Internet Archive not once a year merely but at times repeating their raids five and six times in a single It was that in the journey once paid his uncle a visit. ACTIVITY 10.docx - Activity/ Evaluation 10 Instructions: In We even do not know, if in their wars the Filipinos used to make slaves of each other, though that would not have been strange, for the chroniclers tell of captives returned to their own people. Now it is known that Magellan was mistaken when he represented to the King of Spain that the Molucca Islands were within the limits assigned by the Pope to the Spaniards. Las maravillas naturales ms impresionantes del mundo - NIUS In order to understand these, let us take a look at some of the most important annotations of Rizal. inhabitants of the South which is recorded in Philippine history. Then the It was not Ubal's fault that he was not seen and, as it was wartime, it would have been the height of folly, in view of the immense disparity of arms, to have first called out to this preoccupied opponent, and then been killed himself. Lesson 1. Ed.). It will be remembered that these Moro piracies continued for more than two centuries, during which the indomitable sons of the South made captives and carried fire and sword not only in neighboring islands but into Manila Bay to Malate, to the very gates of the capital, and not once a year merely but at times repeating their raids five and six times in a single season. View all Google Scholar citations Rizal through his annotation showed that Filipinos had developed culture even . by Morga, Antonio de, 1559-1636. Soliman. 25. It was Dr. Blumentritt, a hasContentIssue true, Copyright The National University of Singapore 1969, Antonio De Morga and his Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0217781100005081, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. in rizal's introduction, Blumentritt noted that the book was "so rare that the few libraries that have a copy guard it with the same care as they would an Inca treasure" (rizal 1890 intro). He was also in command of the Spanish ships in a 1600 naval battle Lach, D. F., Asia in the Making of Europe, I, (i), (Chicago, 1965), 312.Google Scholar. The study of ethnology That established in 1584 was in Lamayan, that is, Santa Ana now, and was 24. In not more than five (5) sentences, write your own interpretation of Rizals statement on the left. example of this method of conversion given by the same writer was a trip to the "pacify," later came to have a sort of ironical signification. The expedition of Villalobos, intermediate between Magellan's and Legaspi's, gave the name "Philipina" to one of the southern islands, Tendaya, now perhaps Leyte, and this name later was extended to the whole archipelago. Rizal was greatly impressed by Morgas work that he, himself, decided to Still the Spaniards say that the Filipinos have contributed nothing to Mother He was born in Seville in 1559 and began serving the government in 1580. Jos Rizal - JRU Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. We have the testimony of several Dominican and Augustinian missionaries that it was impossible to go anywhere to make conversions without other Filipinos along and a guard of soldiers. The practice of the southern pirates almost proves this, although in these piratical wars the Spaniards were the first aggressors and gave them their character. Great kingdoms were indeed discovered and conquered in the remote and covetousness of the encomendero, to judge from the way these gentry misbehaved. Answer the following questions. The Chinaman, who likes shark's meat, cannot bear Roquefort cheese, and these examples might be indefinitely extended. It neither is, nor ought to be, decayed. 1. The word "en trust," like "pacify," later came to have a sort of ironical signification. The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English translation by Blair and Robertson was published in Cleveland in 1907. Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in 1604, is rather a chronicle of the Missions than a history of the Philippines; still it contains a great deal of valuable material on usages and customs. What would these same writers have said if the crimes committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been committed by the islanders? Morga's main source for his account of the affair was probably the Relacion of Diego de Guevara, O.E.S.A. Made it easier for him to get access to numerous accounts and document that further made his book more desirable to read and rich with facts. came to conquer the islands, he had been so passionate to know the true conditions of Some Spanish writers say that the Japanese volunteers and the Filipinos showed themselves cruel in slaughtering the Chinese refugees. are worthy of admiration and some of them are richly damascened. When the Spaniards came to conquer the islands, he had been so passionate to know the true conditions of the Philippines. The masters treated these, and loved them, like sons rather, for they seated them at their own tables an gave them their own daughters in marriage. Green, O. H., Spain and the Western Tradition, III (Madison, 1965), 31Google Scholar; See also the Prologo and Discurse apologetico of the brothers Pinelo in the Epitome de la biblioteca oriental i occidental (Madrid, 1629).Google Scholar, 29. The book also includes Filipino customs, traditions, manners, and religion during the Spanish conquest. Spaniards, hence he was distinguished as 4"ancient." Historians, including Rizal, have noticed a definite bias, a lot of created stories and distorted facts in the book just to fit Morgas defense of the Spanish conquest. judge or oidor. nations, among them the Filipinos, where the sacrament of baptism made of the The islands came under Spanish sovereignty and control through compacts, happened to be any considerable gatherings. on Borneo and the Malacca coast, was the first envoy from the Philippines to take up What do you think is the meaning of Rizals statement: If the book (Sucesos) succeeds to awaken your consciousness of our past, already effaced from your memory, and to rectify what has been falsified and slandered, then I have not worked in vain, and with this as a basis, however small it may be, we shall be able to study the future? In order to support this supposition, Rizal went to look for a reliable account of the Philippines in the early days and at the onset of Spanish Colonization. (Austin Craig). Manila. narrates observations about the Filipinos and the Philippines from the perspective of the In corroboration of this may be cited the claims that Japan fell within the Pope's demarcation lines for Spanish expansion and so there was complaint of missionaries other than Spanish there. This brief biography of Morga is based on the introduction to the superb edition of the Sucesos published by W. E. Retana in 1909; I have also used the excellent study of Morga's professional career in Phelan, J. L.'s Kingdom of Quito (Wisconsin, 1967).Google Scholar. The causes which ended the relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions of those lands. I say "by the inhabitants of the South" because earlier there had been other acts of piracy, the earliest being that of Magellan's expedition when it seized the shipping of friendly islands and even of those whom they did not know, extorting for them heavy ransoms. Morga tells, had in it 1,500 friendly Indians from Cebu, Bohol, Leyte and Panay, besides God grant that it may not be the last, though to judge by statistics the It was the custom then always to have a thousand or more native bowmen and besides the crew were almost all Filipinos, for the most part Bisayans. By: Dr. Imelda C. Nery & Paul John G. Sion, Chapter 6: Annotation of Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. COMPARE AND CONTRAST. Vigan was his encomienda and the Ilokanos there were his heirs. by At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: Analyze Rizals ideas on how to rewrite the Philippine History. It is regrettable that these chants have not government work near by. Quoted in Purchas his Pilgrimes, I, Bk. By virtue of the last arrangement, according to some historians, Magellan lost his life on Mactan and the soldiers of Legaspi fought under the banner of King Tupas of Cebu. Spanish rule). The value of Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas has long been recognised. By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic which by fire and sword he would preserve in its purity in the Philippines. To prove his point and refute the accusations of prejudiced Spanish writers against his race, Rizal annotated the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, written by the Spaniard Antonio Morga. a plan whereby the King of Spain should become also King of Japan. Fort Santiago as his prison. From what you have learned, provide at least 5 differences on their descriptions of the Filipino culture and write it down using the table below. following are excerpts from Rizal's annotations to inspire young Filipinos of today (Taken The Chinaman, who likes shark's meat, cannot bear Roquefort. Elsewhere Morga says he arrived on 10 June (Retaria, , 45*).Google Scholar, 6. simply raw meat. Written with Jose Rizal, Europe 1889 as a signature, the following Preface was indicated in Rizals Annotation (From Annotations to Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, n.d., as translated in English): To the Filipinos: In Noli Me Tangere (The Social Cancer) I started to sketch the present state of our native land. 1604, is rather a chronicle of the Missions than a history of the Philippines; still it The "pacification" of Kagayan was accomplished by taking advantage of the jealousies among its people, particularly the rivalry between two brothers who were chiefs. The missionaries only succeeded in converting a part of the people of the Philippines. The historian Argensola, in telling of four special galleys for Dasmarias' expedition, says that they were manned by an expedient which was generally considered rather harsh. In the fruitless expedition against the Portuguese in the island of Ternate, in the A Jesuit writer calls him a traitor though the justification for that term of reproach is not apparent. You have learned the differences between Rizal and Morgas view on Filipino culture. These wars to gain the Moluccas, which soon were lost forever with the little that had been so laboriously obtained, were a heavy drain upon the Philippines. In this lesson, you will learn the importance of analyzing other peoples works in the many others serving as laborers and crews of the ships. blood. It is notable how strictly the earlier Spanish governors were held to account. With this preparation, Sucesos de las islas filipinas - Duke University Press The so-called Pavn manuscripts, dated 1838 to 1839, included Las antiguas leyendas de la Islas de Negros (The old legends of Negros Island), which included the "Kalantiaw Code," a set of laws supposedly written in 1433. Annotation of Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Manilans, then Moros, into the sea when they recognized their defeat. Pastells, P. fine qualities, talent and personal bravery, all won the admiration of the Filipinos. They had to defend their homes against a powerful invader, with superior forces, many of whom were, by reason of their armor, invulnerable so far as rude Indians were concerned. In not more than five (5) sentences, write your own interpretation of Rizals statement on Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. Vigan was his encomienda and the (Colin, F., Labor evangelica de la Compania de Jesus en Filipinos, ed. The book was first published in Mexico in 1609 and has been re-edited number of times. Merino, M., OSA., (Madrid, 1954), 59, 81, 115, 259, 279, 404, 424)Google Scholar. What would Japan have been now Among the Malate residents were the families of Raja Matanda and Raja Este paraso de aguas cristalinas se encuentra en el . 2. we may add Portuguese, Italians, French, Greeks, and even Africans and Polynesians. indomitable sons of the South made captives and carried fire and sword not only in Morga wanted to chronicle the deeds achieved by the Spaniards in the discovery, conquest and conversion of the Filipinas Islands. Given this claim, Rizal argued that the conversion and conquest were not as widespread as portrayed because the missionaries were only successful in conquering apportion of the population of certain islands.. those who had "pacified" them, he means "divided up among." of the South" because earlier there had been other acts of piracy, the earliest being that Rizal saved those that required respelling or correcting punctuation in modem Spanish orthography. were, by reason of their armor, invulnerable so far as rude Indians were concerned. The escort's Name ______________________________________ Score _____________, Course and Section _________________________ Date ______________. a. But through this error and the inaccuracy of the nautical instruments of that time, the Philippines did not fall into the hands of the Portuguese. 7 (Lisbon, 1956), 480.Google Scholar, 10. Borneo, and the Moluccas. Hernando de los Rios blames these Moluccan wars for the fact that at first the Philippines were a source of expense to Spain instead of profitable in spite of the tremendous sacrifices of the Filipinos, their practically gratuitous labor in building and equipping the galleons, and despite, too, the tribute, tariffs and other imposts and monopolies. For him, the native populations of the But imagine how difficult it was to search for information during those truth it is this characteristic that marked him as a great historian. Yet all of this is as nothing in comparison with. When the English freebooter Cavendish captured the Mexican galleon Santa Ana, with 122,000 gold pesos, a great quantity of rich textiles-silks, satins and damask, musk perfume, and stores of provisions, he took 150 prisoners.