Personnel Systems Management (PSM), 3V0X3 A 2012 VA study reviewed medical charts of 250 veterans with mild TBI. It's a Noisy Planet. (n.d.). NIHL can be immediate or it can take a long time to be noticeable. CONTROL/AIR SUPPORT/ANTIAIR WARFARE/AIR, Air Sensorineural hearing loss is permanent damage to the inner ear and auditory nerve, but hearing aids can help. EQUIPMENT OPERATOR (conversion to 12N 1 Oct 10), QUARRYING SPECIALIST Our team includes experienced medical writers, award-winning journalists, researchers and certified medical and legal experts. This damage is often reversible with medication or surgery. Since then, hundreds of veterans have filed lawsuits against 3M. Complaint, Jury Trial Demanded. VEHICLE SYSTEM MAINTAINER (FORMERLY 63M), MECHANICAL Ringing in your ears, or tinnitus, is an early sign of noise-induced hearing loss. AUTOMOTIVE MAINTENANCE WARRANT OFFICER/SENIOR, ENGINEER EQUIPMENT Click Go Elite Now below to get started today and a member of our team will be in touch within minutes. Continuous exposure to loud noise or even intermittent exposure to excessively loud bursts of sound can still cause auditory damage. Hearing loss is a complex process and due to the personal and unique nature of each tinnitus condition, proper evaluation and specialized treatment is necessary. station attendants, and potentially even passengers who are frequent flyers on commercial jets. Sounds above 80 decibels (dB, a measurement of the loudness or strength of sound vibration) may cause vibrations intense enough to damage the inner ear. It can also be the fuel itself. Sound is measured in a unit called decibels (dB). Standards. DOCUMENTATION/PRODUCTION SPECIALIST, MILITARY INTELLIGENCE One of our content team members will be in touch with you soon. Airman 1st Class Nicholas McKinney prepares to be extracted from the inside of a C-17 Globemaster III fuel tank during training at Joint Base Charleston, REPAIRER (FORMERLY 45B), QUARTERMASTER & While hearing loss and tinnitus are common among veterans, proper hearing protection can help reduce the risk for this population. That can lead to isolation, depression, Epub 2009 Feb 26. MILITARY ART AND SCIENCE, SYSTEMS AUTOMATION A study cited by the VA and published in the Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health found JP-8 interacted with noise to cause auditory processing dysfunction in the brain. Drugwatch is located at: government site. The damage from NIHL, combined with aging, can lead to hearing loss severe enough that you need hearing aids to magnify the sounds around you to help you hear, communicate, and participate more fully in daily activities. "We give them a hearing test. Recognizing and Addressing An Underrated Veteran Disability Military Sexual Trauma (MST) is sexual harassment and or sexual assault experienced by a military service member. One way of describing noise is by decibels. In the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina Columbia Division. Communication & Navigation Systems, 2A1X4 Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. UC engineers developed a new engine nozzle that muffles the noise from jet engines without hindering performance. New engine design could muffle roar of fighte | EurekAlert! (UNQUALIFIED JOB SPECIALIST). Background: Depending on the results, the VA will assign a disability rating from 0 to 10 percent. 7 Engine Noises You Don't Want To Ignore - Mechanic Base METEOROLOGICAL CREWMEMBER (conversion to 13T 1 Oct 10), PATRIOT FIRE CONTROL Your childs healthcare provider will ask question about your childs hearing. They may be used to help your child hear better. I'm a 55 year old woman. BEHAVORIAL SCIENCES AND LEADERSHIP, USMA, PROFESSOR OF If the table lists your Duty MOS Noise Exposure level as "Moderate" or "Low," you must explain how your military service caused or made your Tinnitus or Hearing Loss worse in your own words. Hearing loss and tinnitus can occur in one or both ears. Pure-tone audiometry (PTA) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) were recorded in both groups. Retrieved from, The American Academy of Audiology. Here are the average decibel ratings of some familiar sounds: Your distance from the source of the sound and the length of time you are exposed to the sound are also important factors in protecting your hearing. Talk with your childs healthcare provider about which medicines may cause further hearing damage. Copyright 2023 VA Claims Insider, LLC. Veterans who served in Iraq and Afghanistan suffered TBI from blasts associated with improvised explosive devices (IEDs), land mines, mortars, bombs or grenades. This means you do NOT currently have the VA disability rating and compensation YOU deserve, and you could be missing out on thousands of dollars of tax-free compensation and benefits each month. Join our newsletter to stay up to date on dangerous drugs and devices, keep up on lawsuit and settlement news, learn about FDA recalls, and more. NoiseBuster: Aviation Earmuffs for Professionals Unlike bird and amphibian hair cells, human hair cells dont grow back. Getting regular hearing screenings and wearing hearing protection devices while in active duty are the best ways to maintain hearing health. Noise Induced Hearing Loss Explained | Clear Living How to File a Claim on VA.gov (step-by-step)! Loud Noise Dangers - American Speech-Language-Hearing Association | ASHA One test measures the softest level at which a person recognizes speech, and a second test assesses their ability to understand speech. Eighty-seven percent of these veterans reported experiencing some type of hearing problem. Exposure to brief "impulse" loud sounds or long-lasting exposure to loud sounds can cause noise-induced hearing loss. Jet engine noise affects people in two ways: it can damage their hearing, and it can cause annoyance and sleep disturbance. SYSTEMS OPERATOR-MAINTAINER, NODAL NETWORK SYSTEMS This includes peer-reviewed medical journals, reputable media outlets, government reports, court records and interviews with qualified experts. Most cases of military hearing loss are caused by exposure to loud noises that damage delicate hairs in the inner ear. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible chronic adverse effects of . These bones are called the malleus, incus, and stapes. Use earplugs or muffs tohelp prevent hearing loss. Although some hearing loss occurs from our genetic make-up, a major cause of hearing loss, in our society, is noise exposure. Meteorological and Navigation Systems, 2E1X4 Updated March 2014. Sorry there is a continuing error in our system. Retrieved from, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Wearing ear protection and limiting exposure to loud sounds is the best way to protect against noise-induced hearing loss. TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS ENGINEER, SIGNALS Your childs inner ears may be damaged if he or she is around extremely loud noises or around loud noises for long periods of time. These deficits are particularly challenging in the TBI population, as symptoms can be mistaken for posttraumatic stress disorder, mental-health issues, and cognitive deficits. The work was published Listening to music on a personal device, like an MP3 player, with the volume turned up too high. Effects of aircraft noise on hearing and auditory pathway - PubMed RADIOLOGICAL AND NUCLEAR (CBRN), CHEMICAL OPERATIONS Hearing loss and tinnitus, the most common disability for veterans In 2016, more than a million veterans received disability compensation for hearing loss, and about 1.6 million received compensation for tinnitus, according to The American Academy of Audiology. Engineering a quieter future for jets, University of Cincinnati Low-flying, high-speed military aircraft produce especially loud aerodynamic noise. ENGINEER (conversion to 72D 1 Oct 10), CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, The .gov means its official. If you hear a sizzling or popping sound immediately after shutting down the engine, there could be a leak. His frustration with the8-step VA disability claims processled him to createVA Claims Insider,which provides U.S. military veterans with tips, strategies, and lessons learned for successfully submitting or re-submitting a winning VA disability compensation claim. When you are exposed to loud noise over a long period of time, you may slowly start to lose your hearing. Impact of noise on hearing in the military. Twenty were exposed to 85 decibels of 2023 Drugwatch.com Privacy Policy / Advertising Disclosure / Interventions to prevent occupational noise induced hearing loss. The site is secure. MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES, 3100-3199 Hear from fellow Veterans just like you, with many of our Veteran Success Managers having gone through our programs. The site is secure. Examples of noises that can cause hearing loss include: Common sources of noise from loud appliances such as hair dryers, food processors, blenders; traffic or subway; or tools or equipment such as leaf blowers and lawn mowers. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the You can prevent most noise-related hearing loss by turning down the sound on your devices, moving away from loud noise, or using . According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, about 30 million U.S. workers are exposed to occupational noise each year. They have microphones, computer chips and receivers to direct the sound into the ear. However the two do not always occur together. The eardrum vibrates from the incoming sound waves and sends these vibrations to three tiny bones in the middle ear. Noise is characterized by intensity measured in decibels, pitch measured in hertz (Hz, which means cycles per second), and duration. How to Get a 100 Percent VA Rating (if deserved)! A hearing test can be done by anaudiologist or an ENT. Estimate your 2023 VA Rating & Compensation for FREE! This partition is called the basilar membrane because it serves as the base, or ground floor, on which key hearing structures sit. Once the hearing nerve is damaged, it is permanent. Frequent exposure to loud or moderately loud noise over a long period of time can damage the soft tissue of the inner ear. 1 Communication Avenue You're not alone. "What we're seeing is that even at subtoxic levels, the exposure is affecting CONTROL & ACCOUNTING SPECIALIST, M1 ABRAHMS TANK first to definitively link JP-8 with auditory processing dysfunctions changes that occur inside the brain rather than the ear. PDF Statistical Analysis of Hearing Loss Among Navy Personnel (conversion to 12B 1 Oct 10), BRIDGE CREWMEMBER There are tiny, delicate hair cells in your inner ear (cochlea) that move when your ear receives sound waves. Locate a hearing loss or tinnitus health provider on the Hearing Center of Excellence webpage. A Sponge That Soaks Up Jet Engine Noise - Popular Mechanics Retrieved from, Military Disability Made Easy. "It's a more insidious problem to have. In addition to the traditional types of hearing loss, veterans also suffer from auditory processing disorder, a condition associated with blast exposure. An inability to hear high-pitched voices and sounds are a . "We need to develop ways to monitor combined exposures (i.e., fuel and noise exposure) and develop safety guidelines," says Guthrie. Bookshelf Given the enormity of the increase in spending by the VA on hearing loss disability payments to former Navy personnel, it is important to find the sources of this hearing loss and then investigate ways to reverse this . Impact of noise on hearing in the military | Military Medical Research 2023 Endeavor Business Media, LLC. An ENT is a specialist who treats problems with the ears, nose, and throat. Noise-induced hearing loss is a major preventable disease. Hearing Loss - Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders - Merck Manuals Consumer Every day, we experience sound in our environment, such as the sounds from television and radio, household appliances, and traffic. Military personnel experience noise exposure quite often. Eligibility for VA disability benefits. While hearing loss is perhaps the more common and better understood condition, tinnitus can also be very debilitating, leading to stress, anxiety or difficulty sleeping or concentrating. About the author: Jeff Carroll, Ph.D. is director of clinical services and engineering for Sound Cure, Inc., a sound therapy system. The auditory nerve carries this electrical signal to the brain, which translates it into a sound that we recognize and understand. Jet engines emitted broadband noise with spectrum dominated by components in the frequency range 315-6300 Hz (1/3-octave bands). MEDICAL SPECIALTIES (MEDICINE) GROUP, 0200-0299 Veterans' Compensation for Noise Exposure | Cuddigan Law AUTHORIZED WARRANT OFFICER MOS, AIR AND MISSILE Any unauthorized or illegal use, copying or dissemination will be prosecuted. Electronic Computer and Switching Systems, 2M0X1 middle ear fluid. To understand how loud noises can damage our hearing, we have to understand how we hear. The VA spends more than $1 billion per year on hearing loss cases . Over time, sounds may become distorted or muffled, and you might find it difficult to understand other people when they talk or have to turn up the volume on the television. HEALTH SERVICES MANAGEMENT GROUP, 0100-0199 In addition, every aviation headset maker offers protection against noises encountered on the ramp. Some studies suggest peripheral dysfunction while others suggest central auditory dysfunction. The American Tinnitus Association (www.ata.org) is an excellent source of information as well. Based on a 2011-2012 CDC study involving hearing tests and interviews with participants, at least 10 millionadults (6 percent) in the U.S. under age 70and perhaps as many as 40 million adults (24 percent)have features of their hearing test that suggest hearing loss in one or both ears from exposure to loud noise. 4. may cause a permanent hearing loss. Hearing Loss Facts and Statistics. LEADER DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING, USMA, PROFESSOR OF With noise, OSHA's permissible exposure limit (PEL) is 90 dB for all workers for an eight-hour day. Aerospace Control and Warning Systems, 1N5X1 Audiologists determine the level of hearing loss by measuring the difference between a persons hearing threshold and the normal average. Buy Paperback: $65.00. He is aformer active duty Air Force officerwith extensive experience leading hundreds of individuals and multi-functional teams in challenging international environments, including a combat tour to Afghanistan in 2011 supporting Operation ENDURING FREEDOM. Virginia Tech researchers seek to reduce deafening jet engine noise DISTRIBUTION SPECIALIST (RC) (conversion to 12Q 1 Oct 10), INTERIOR ELECTRICIAN Assisting patients and their families since 2008. the brain to discriminatethat's something different. Voice: (800) 241-1044 How to Read an Audiogram and Determine Degrees of Hearing Loss. Impairment due to blast can include peripheral hearing loss, central auditory processing deficits, vestibular impairment, and tinnitus. List Of Hearing Loss From Jet Engine Noise Military Today 2022. Permanent hearing impairment occurs initially in the vicinity of 4,000 Hz (outside the conversational range) . Brian Reeseis a VA benefits expert, author of the #1 Amazon Bestseller You Deserve It: The Definitive Guide to Getting the Veteran Benefits Youve Earned, andfounder of VA Claims InsiderThe Most Trusted Name in Education-Based Resources for Veterans.. noise can cause distraction, fatigue, irritability, startle responses, sudden awakening and poor Despite the usage of hearing protection devices, both PTA and DPOAE consistently showed poorer hearing in engine-servicing personnel vs. control group. Retrieved from, United States of America ex rel. Buzzing, whistling or ringing in the ears (tinnitus symptoms), Difficulty understanding conversations when you are in a noisy place, such as in a restaurant, Difficulty understanding speech over the phone, Having to ask others to speak more slowly and clearly, Having to ask someone to speak more loudly or repeat what they said, Hypersensitivity to or pain from certain sounds, Problems hearing high-pitched sounds such as bird chirps, alarm clocks or doorbells, Trouble distinguishing between the sounds of s and f, between p and t or between sh and th in speech, Turning up the volume of the television or radio, Mild hearing loss: 20 to 40 dB higher than normal, Moderate hearing loss: 40 to 55 dB higher than normal, Moderate-to-severe hearing loss: 55 to 70 dB higher than normal, Severe hearing loss: 70 to 90 dB higher than normal, Evidence of the service-related event that caused the condition, Medical opinion linking the event and hearing problems, Tactical Communication and Protective System, or TCAPS, California Department of Veterans Affairs. Masks are required inside all of our care facilities. Before your visit, write down questions you want answered. If the table lists your Duty MOS Noise Exposure level as Moderate or Low, you must explain how your military service caused or made your Tinnitus or Hearing Loss worse in your own words. Drugwatch.com is HONCode (Health On the Net Foundation) certified. Over time, repeated exposure to loud noise or music can cause hearing loss. SYSTEMS MAINTAINER/INTEGRATOR, INTELLIGENCE SENIOR Most often, SNHL can't be reversed. Given the links between warrior health, safety, quality of life, economic impact and mission accomplishment or defending our nation and its freedoms hearing is a crucial sense that must be protected, according to the Department of Defense Hearing Center of Excellence. AIR OPERATIONS CENTER STAFF PLANNING AND OPERATIONS, 9200-9296 Toll-free TTY: (800) 241-1055 However, there is noise and then there is NOISE. Hearing loss and tinnitus, the most common disability for veterans For more information, visit our partners page. But for those with chronic tinnitus, productivity and the overall quality of life can be diminished. You might see the leak on the exhaust manifold, or it could be harder to find. (2019, September 3). Its FREE to get started, so click Go Elite Now below to complete our 3-step intake process. LAUNCH ROCKET SYSTEM (MLRS)/HIGH MOBILITY ARTILLERY ROCKET, MULTIPLE LAUNCH First, temporary threshold shift is the short-term loss of hearing after exposure to loud noise. Sound waves enter the outer ear and travel through a narrow passageway called the ear canal, which leads to the eardrum. Heating, Ventilation, AC, & Refrigeration, 3E2X1 Extended Active Duty USAFR Academy/CAP Liaison Officer, Coast Guard Duty MOS Noise Exposure Listing, Merchant VA.gov Home | Veterans Affairs Health providers treat reversible hearing loss with medications or surgery. Other things to do include: Know which noises are too loud and can cause damage, Get your child's hearing checked if hearing loss is suspected. The OSHA standard uses a 5 dB exchange rate. 38 CFR Book C, Schedule for Rating Disabilities. ARMAMENT/ELECTRICAL/AVIONICS SYSTEMS REPAIRER, SPECIAL FORCES . Drugwatch's trusted legal partners support the organization's mission to keep people safe from dangerous drugs and medical devices. TEST EQUIPMENT (IFTE) OPERATOR & MAINTAINER, INFANTRY/ARMOR/FIELD Retrieved from, Hearing Loss Association of America. Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) | NIDCD This is more likely to happen if the sound continues for a long time. Missile and Space Systems Maintenance, 2P0X1 Would you like email updates of new search results? (n.d.). Motorcycles and Hearing Loss - Motorcycle.com Drugwatch.com doesnt believe in selling customer information. SERGEANT/CHIEF INTELLIGENCE SERGEANT, CHIEF COUNTER Communication-Computer Systems Operations, 3C0X2 Hearing Loss, 3.385 History, Hensely v. Brown, No, 91-1179 It's no surprise that after decades of a career in the aviation industry, most pilots are lucky to only get minor symptoms of tinnitus. Between 90 and 95 dB, hearing loss can occur, if noise exposure is sustained. And remember to always protect your hearing when in a noisy environment to prevent future auditory damage. Jet Engine (Proximity) 130-160; Types of Noise. Sound insulation also varies among aircraft. Both help prevent hearing loss. FIREFINDER RADAR OPERATOR, FIELD ARTILLERY Your child may be aroundloud noise anywhere. noise for six hours per day, a level considered safe by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (2014, March 20). Between jumping out of planes, carrying and lifting heavy gear, and weekly marches, those Heres the brutal truth about VA disability claims: You Deserve It: The Definitive Guide to Getting the Veteran Benefits Youve Earned, 9 Secrets Strategies for Winning Your VA Disability Claim, TACTICAL AUTOMATED Loud noise also contributes to tinnitus. by Occupational Field instead of individual MOS designation as there are Some hearing loss caused by damage to the middle ear from head trauma can be reversed with surgery. Military hearing loss and tinnitus a ringing, buzzing or whistling in the ears are the top two reasons for VA disability compensation claims. or exposure to loud sound over a few hours such as during a pop concert or nightclub session. Aircraft technicians, maintenance personnel and ground crews are at risk of job-related hearing loss. Hearing conservation programs strive to prevent initial occupational hearing loss, preserve and protect remaining hearing, and equip workers with the knowledge and hearing protection devices . (AIRCRAFT NONSPECIFIC), FIXED WING AVIATOR Visual Imagery and Intrusion Detection Systems, 2E2X1 Visual Information Production-Documentation, 6F0X1 S.C. Fuel system repair airmen remove, repair and install the fuel cells and tanks. Hearing loss - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic Call your childs healthcare provider if your child has: Been around a very loud noise and has symptoms that dont go away. Effects of Concurrent Noise and Jet Fuel Exposure on Hearing Loss Conclusions: Awaiting Retraining-Reasons beyond Control, 9A100 Noise and hearing loss When the ears are exposed to extremely loud noises, or to prolonged loud noises, inner ear structures can be damaged. COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS OPERATOR-MAINTAINER, COMBAT The Occupational Safety and Health. Options for hearing protection include off-the-shelf foam ear plugs or custom-made silicone ear plugs. is harmful. Official websites use .gov Feb. 9, 2018. Aging and exposure to loud noise may cause wear and tear on the hairs or nerve cells in the cochlea that send sound signals to the brain. Many tinnitus sufferers are not aware that there are various treatments that can provide relief. Web senorineural hearing loss is caused by damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the retrocochlea nerves (nerves that connect the ear to the brain). Many sources of noise can damage kids' hearing, but noise-induced hearing loss is 100% preventable. National Library of Medicine SUBSISTENCE, OPEN MESS AND BQ MANAGEMENT, 1900-1999 AIR GROUND TASK FORCE (MAGTF) PLANS, ENGINEER, We are vaccinating all eligible patients. Pure-tone audiometry is the most common type of hearing test. Hearing loss and tinnitus can occur in one or both ears. Studies have shown that loud noises can also increase the chances of premature birth and low-birth-weight. Sufferers often complain of a ringing in the ear. No matter if its a ringing or buzzing or humming or roaring, the important distinction is that sufferers perceive sounds that are not actually present in the environment. (2012). Drugwatch.com partners with law firms. TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS OPERATOR-MAINTAINER, VISUAL INFORMATION The VA spends more than $1 billion per year on hearing loss cases, which represent about 15% of new disability claims filed with the VA each year. Financial Management & Comptroller, 8E000 Weve also connected thousands of people injured by drugs and medical devices with top-ranked national law firms to take action against negligent corporations. The most trusted name in education-based resources for Veterans. Radio and Television Broadcasting, 3S0X2 (TACTICAL HELICOPTER), GAS TURBINE SYSTEM It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. HELICOPTER SYSTEMS REPAIRER, AVIONICS MEASUREMENT, & DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT (TMDE) MAINTENANCE SUPPORT, APACHE ATTACK Normally, these sounds are at safe levels that dont damage our hearing. Wireless Headsets For Team Communication Improve Ramp Safety, Etymotic Offers Hearing Protection for Aviation Professionals, Regardless of Operation, Communication is Key. It is thus apparent, in view of sections 3.385 and 4.85, that the veteran's left-ear hearing loss constituted a "disability" at both entrance and separation. Before MeSH Research reveals clues that could regrow the cells that help us hear, Program that trains community health workers to deliver hearing care shows success among low-income older adults, Research illuminates approaches for long-term hearing loss treatment, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Music through headphones at maximum volume, sporting events, and concerts. Hearing loss due to noise may be temporary, called a 'temporary threshold shift', a reduced sensitivity to sound over a wide frequency range resulting from exposure to a brief but very loud noise like a gunshot, firecracker, jet engine, jackhammer, etc. Because hearing loss can be caused by noise damage to the ear, an individual can get both hearing loss and tinnitus from noise damage. Hidden Hearing Loss from Everyday Noise - Scientific American Protect Their Hearing, a national public education campaign to increase awareness among parents of preteens about the causes and prevention of NIHL. Hearing loss is a commonly understood result of noisy environments, but tinnitus can also be very debilitating condition. Harmful noises at home may come from sources including lawnmowers, leaf blowers, and woodworking tools. Think of this as the cup over your ears feeling you had for a few hours after a loud concert. The NIDCD sponsors It's a Noisy Planet. Retrieved form, Hearing Center of Excellence. Tinnitus may subside over time, but can sometimes continue constantly or occasionally throughout a persons life. The Complete Guide to the Duty MOS Noise Exposure Listing Hearing damage can occur over time or as a result of a one-time exposure to high-intensity noise, such as small-arms fire, improvised explosive devices (IEDs) or artillery fire. We're missing a lot of people just based on the way we test for hearing deficits.". PDF HEARING AND NOISE IN SOUND AVIATION - Federal Aviation Administration AND EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DISPOSAL, SIGNALS Shorter occasional exposure to loud noise in the 150 to 155-decibel . They pass. At the visit, write down the names of new medicines, treatments, or tests, and any new instructions your provider gives you for your child. While noise-induced hearing loss is permanent, it is completely preventable by taking simple steps to avoid noise exposure and protect your hearing. TECHNICIAN (ELECTRICAL), GAS TURBINE SYSTEM Anything you can do to limit your exposure to loud noiseby moving away from the sound, turning down the volume, or wearing earplugs or earmuffswill help prevent tinnitus or keep it from getting worse. Similarly, the DPOAE amplitude was lower ( 17 dB SPL, p < 0.01) in the noise-exposed subjects compared to the non-exposed ones. (n.d.). Avionics Test Station and Components, 2A1X2 Most NIHL is caused by the damage and eventual death of these hair cells.
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